Open Weights and American AI Leadership

(microsoft.com)

19 points | by louiereederson 5 hours ago ago

73 comments

  • throwaway323929 2 hours ago ago

    If they want to compete with the closed models, then put some money into development and build a better model.

    Pure game theory, a bunch of losers in the AI space groveling at the white house to try to stop their competition.

    • pegasus 2 hours ago ago

      Regardless of the motivations behind the paper, the fact is that they are right. It's a topsy-turvy world where America closes up and China opens, and I hope it gets corrected soon.

      And besides, it seems to me like the ethical choice. Given how these models are, in some very real sense, mechanical plagiators, built on the generosity of creators past and present, some of them now in danger of being replaced by the machine. I think the least the labs can do is open these models up. These and other such considerations were the reason OpenAI started with that name. Of course, it was questionable that those ideals would survive the encounter with generational wealth. Just look up what the founders of Google were saying about advertising when they were two students tinkering at an as of yet unproven tech. Same thing for OpenAI, self-interest speaks that much louder when there's real money on the table.

      It just boggles the mind that people now make excuses for their all-too-predictable about-turn.

      • chasd00 an hour ago ago

        well let's be clear, there's nothing open about an open-weight model.

        To me, "open these models up. " must mean provide all the data and supporting documentation required to reproduce the model. That would be "open". Postgres is open because you can download all the data and supporting documentation and reproduce the binary yourself. However, being able to only download a postgres binary would make it no longer open.

        Additional training on top of an open-weight model sounds analogous to writing mods for minecraft. You may change some behavior but that doesn't make minecraft "open".

        • fragmede 13 minutes ago ago

          Here here! Open weights is the term because it's close to open source but everyone thinks everyone else is an idiot and saying the model is downloadable but you can't recreate it is too difficult for our feeble minds to understand. There are actually open source models out there though, with datasets and training code.

    • furyofantares 2 hours ago ago

      I'm very confused by this comment, I don't know who you're referring to.

      • gizmodo59 2 hours ago ago

        None of the people signed this have ever produced a frontier model at a given date (Which is to say its neither Google/OAI/Ant). The ones that sign are meta, musk (who is in the shovel selling business as well), hugging face obviously and few others

        Note: Just pointing out the comment intent and nothing else

        • furyofantares 2 hours ago ago

          OK, I guess my confusion was that the effort to ban open weights models is what I would categorize as "groveling at the white house to try to stop their competition".

        • segmondy an hour ago ago

          Google has produced Gemini Pro, Meta produced llama3-70B/llama3-405B and now has Muse, Musk has Grok. These are very capable models and to claim that they are not frontier is to stretch the meaning unless you want to say "#1 model" Gemini Pro at one point even if for a week, was #1 model.

    • segmondy an hour ago ago

      ha! who is groveling to the white house to stop competition? openai, anthropic and google, they are the losers. if they want to compete, compete.

    • lenerdenator 2 hours ago ago

      I thought the whole point of open software development was anyone could take your thing and improve it.

      It would seem as if the community either isn't doing that or is relying on the Chinese to do that.

      • daveguy an hour ago ago

        I thought this would be a push for a nationwide open weights effort / initiative, but I was surprised to see this:

        > Distillation ... reflects a long tradition of learning from, building upon, and improving existing technologies, a tradition that has helped drive innovation since the rise of the open-source software movement. By contrast, unlawful efforts to extract value from closed models raise legitimate concerns. Those concerns should be addressed through targeted legal and commercial frameworks rather than sweeping restrictions on techniques that play an important role in AI innovation.

        Sounds like they are saying "please protect our IP theft" that created closed weight frontier models in case we arbitrarily decide to close our models. But don't get rid of distillations in general so that we can all also keep benefiting from open models. We don't want to lose the ability to benefit from the work of others as we launder IP into closed models.

        Surprised Linux Foundation kept their name on it with that.

        • chasd00 an hour ago ago

          "..a tradition that has helped drive innovation since the rise of the open-source software"

          i've said this in other comments but the fact that these companies are trying to align with open-source when there's no "source" included with their models is pretty damning. I think it lays bare the absence of any kind of noble or righteous motive with respect to distillation.

  • christina97 4 hours ago ago

    I wonder what is happening behind closed doors for these companies to be issuing such a joint letter.

    • paxys 3 hours ago ago

      Different companies have different motivations. I'm sure some are genuine, but a lot of them simply lost the race (to OpenAI/Anthropic/Google) and know they can't compete anymore, so are shifting strategies. How many times has Microsoft done exactly this in the past?

      • cyanydeez 3 hours ago ago

        looking at both openai and anthropic; they are winning something, but a sober look at their finances will make you silently mouth "but what did they win".

    • fidotron 3 hours ago ago

      If there are effectively only two AI companies allowed to train or run model inference then demand for hosting, GPUs and data centers goes down, so they'd be able to squeeze their suppliers that much more too.

    • ErneX 2 hours ago ago

      They are worried about OpenAI and Anthropic making their own processors and controlling the whole stack is my guess.

  • Linserin 4 hours ago ago
    • ChrisArchitect 3 hours ago ago

      Should probably just update the link to that; this doesn't need to be a PDF

  • lr1970 an hour ago ago

    The list of companies that signed this letter is telling (including Nvidia, Meta, Microsoft). Equally telling is the list of companies that did not sign it -- including Google, Amazon.

  • Catloafdev 3 hours ago ago

    Reassuring to see this backed by major players.

    This is the correct stance, hopefully this is the stance that prevails.

  • fcq 7 minutes ago ago

    Hopefully something good comes from this... But I certainly don't see the big players caving in: <https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=47929951>

    The Chinese open models are way ahead, not by how capable they are compared to frontier models, but on how they project to the world and how they improve over time.

  • ma2kx 3 minutes ago ago

    It would be interesting to know how many optimizations of the Chinese models were incorporated back into Claude and Codex.

  • gilfoyle_7 2 hours ago ago

    MSFT, dell, NVIDIA. These guys will make money no matter who uses what AI since they're the hardware providers. Even though they all own stake in frontier labs, chinese open weight models will commoditize the intelligence layer.

  • paxys 3 hours ago ago

    I agree with the message, but I'm not going to accept it from this particular crowd.

    Microsoft, NVIDIA, Meta, Palantir, IBM...They have all been actively hostile to open source for decades, and have a history of embracing it only when convenient and profitable.

    Microsoft benefited from its close partnership with OpenAI for years right up until it went sour. Where was this enthusiasm for open weights then?

    Meta was developing open models and then abandoned that effort in search for profits. Muse Spark is now fully closed.

    All these companies have the resouces to train and release frontier open weights models today, but choose not to. So spare me the marketing and virtue signaling.

    • ryandrake 3 hours ago ago

      I’ll never forgive Microsoft for their hostile actions against open source and open standards in the 90s. I’ll never believe any endorsement from them of open-anything.

    • Arubis 2 hours ago ago

      Yeah, the endorsement logos at the bottom are majority bad actors with regards to openness in code. Many are bad actors with regards to openness in _society_.

    • balls187 2 hours ago ago

      Yeah, never ask a fox to count your chickens.

  • austin-schick 3 hours ago ago

    I'm finding the list of signatories on this letter really interesting and somewhat confusing, looking purely through the lens of economic interest.

    It makes sense to see Meta, the startups, and the VC firms on this list. And it makes sense to see OpenAI, Anthropic, and Google all missing. Microsoft is somewhat unexpected to me. I don't think of them as having a focus on open weight models (no more than Google), and they have a large stake in OpenAI. Maybe they're looking at this from the angle of Azure providing compute. But then why is Amazon missing, when it has AWS?

    And of course, we don't see DeepSeek, Moonshot, or Z.ai on here. The letter is about American technological leadership after all. But then we _do_ see the French company Mistral! Mistral who released [a playbook](https://europe.mistral.ai/) for Europe becoming a self-reliant AI powerhouse.

    I assume all of this is in the context of influencing the Trump administration's thinking on Chinese open weights models. But the letter is really about _American_ open weights models. The call to action is all about keeping the American open weights ecosystem competitive. I didn't even realize that was under threat, so I feel like I'm missing something.

    • rubyfan 2 hours ago ago

      My hunch is they are all seeing the problems at OpenAI and some other collateral damage on the horizon. They don’t want the US government intervening to try to save OpenAI. A little controlled burn is probably good for the industry long term.

    • NortySpock 2 hours ago ago

      Signatories appear to group into

      (a) sellers of hardware (Nvidia, IBM) and those who rent hardware out to others (Amazon, Microsoft)

      They want open models because they don't have to license it to run it on their hardware, so they can offer lower cost and inspect what they are offering to clients

      (b) open model creators (Arcee, Perplexity, Mistral, IBM, Microsoft)

      ...who would be unable to work if open-weight models are banned

      (c) Software-heavy companies ( Mozilla, The Linux Foundation , ServiceNow, Microsoft, IBM, heck all of them)

      ...who want models that are cheap to run because that reduces the cost of running an LLM (whether you are trying to replace a software developer or just assist them, the value of a reduced cost LLM is directionally the same)

    • chasd00 2 hours ago ago

      > The call to action is all about keeping the American open weights ecosystem competitive. I didn't even realize that was under threat, so I feel like I'm missing something.

      OpenAI and Anthropic can bring American open-weight model providers like Meta to court but not the Chinese. Chinese companies breaking American IP law (whether the law is correct or not) are basically immune. This has been going on forever, I guess enough is at stake finally for the federal government to care.

    • mcast 3 hours ago ago

      Google and Amazon both have incredibly large compute deals with frontier labs and GovCloud. They may not want to sour on that cash.

    • verdverm 2 hours ago ago

      It helps if you understand there are multiple factions within the white house and trump admin. One faction is very hawkish towards allies and enemies, especially China. Another is the one sending ICE to invade American cities, the Christian nationalism and such. Another is very focused on wealth expansion for friends and family. There is an amount of Venn to these groups.

  • segmondy an hour ago ago

    At the end of the day, these companies that signed this letter have more cash. What they should do is bring some money together, more money than the other side, donate it and buy their way. That's the 2026 way, no one has time for all this letter and protest. How much are they willing to put on the line?

  • apurvak an hour ago ago

    I wonder why Apple stayed absent from signing this?

  • credit_guy 4 hours ago ago

    If you see the long 3rd paragraph twice, know that you are not alone.

  • sweetheart 3 hours ago ago

    It makes a ton of sense to see this sort of joint effort being made by these enormous companies, but man, there's some part of me that can't help but feel grossed out knowing the best way to get the US to make the right choice is to have a handful of elite business people say it'd be bad for them.

    • voidhorse 3 hours ago ago

      Yeah, this letter is just proof of (the by now long standing fact) of corporate power/corporate capture of American governance. Tons of popular protests against big AI? Makes no difference. Joint corporate letter about big AI? Possibly the government will do something.

      • ryandrake 3 hours ago ago

        People unfortunately keep voting for “corporate power” politicians, so corporations continue to be in charge.

  • pogue 3 hours ago ago

    Ok, great, so Microsoft believes in open weight models. So... uhh, why not release a few?

    • woodson 3 hours ago ago

      They did. Check out the Phi models (e.g., https://huggingface.co/microsoft/phi-4).

      • pogue 2 hours ago ago

        Great, how about some frontier models like China seems to be doing on a weekly basis at this point. Give us a CoPilot variant that's open source & open weights.

  • gaigalas 4 hours ago ago

    > Open source did more than lower the cost of software; it created a shared foundation of knowledge on which generations of American engineers and entrepreneurs built their institutional sovereignty

    Hey nvidia, what about making your full set of linux drivers open source?

    I mean, I do agree that being open is important but you're hijacking the narrative here, and I suspect being open have nothing to do with any of this.

    • chasd00 an hour ago ago

      i'm glad someone else sees this too. There's nothing open source about an open-weight model. I feel like they're just trying to associate themselves with open source and the positive impacts it has had on software technolgoy.

  • satvikpendem 4 hours ago ago

    The issue is not open weights as a whole, indeed Hegseth himself said they are important for America (if American made, presumably); the issue is Chinese models, whether open or not, and that's what's looking to be banned, and nothing in this article suggests otherwise.

    • calebkaiser 4 hours ago ago

      The conversation going on in the industry is a bit broader than that. OpenAI's head of strategic futures just said last week that open models are inherently decelerationist, ungovernable, and will slow development on the frontier. You'll notice OpenAI does not appear as a signatory here despite their relationship with Microsoft.

      • derektank 3 hours ago ago

        >open models are inherently decelerationist, ungovernable, and will slow development on the frontier

        Ungovernable makes intuitive sense, but I don’t understand how open weight models could be decelerationist or slow the development of the frontier. Was there an argument for those positions?

        • newpavlov 3 hours ago ago

          Open weight models challenge the "winner takes all" hypothesis, which motivates the astronomical valuations and acts as a justification for trains of cash dumped into AI development.

          In other words, if AI models become a commodity, the "AI leaders" will not be able to burn the cash like they do today, thus resulting in a "slower" (one could say instead "more sustainable") development of AI models.

        • calebkaiser 3 hours ago ago
        • wat10000 2 hours ago ago

          It's a copy/paste of the arguments against open source software from decades ago. The argument goes: innovation requires profit motive, and profit motive requires IP rights. Of course, this was soundly disproven in software and I don't see any reason it should be different here.

          • skeledrew 2 hours ago ago

            Chinese providers are actively debunking that argument by innovating on and releasing open weight models.

      • satvikpendem 3 hours ago ago

        Well of course OpenAI and Anthropic say those sorts of things, it's what they've always said, particularly Anthropic, but that doesn't necessarily mean that's the position of the US government. In other words the government seems to be listening to some but not all of the lobbying done by the big two.

        • calebkaiser 3 hours ago ago

          The guy who said those things just joined OpenAI in the last month. He was previously a senior policy advisor, specifically on AI, to the current administration in the White House.

          I don't know that the US government has a unified position on open source AI. But it's not like this isn't a discussion happening among policymakers.

    • roenxi 3 hours ago ago

      > ...the issue is Chinese models, whether open or not, and that's what's looking to be banned...

      Is the US planning to invade China and take away their models? Because otherwise China is still going to have the models even if the US bans them. I don't think they're going to be going with the US position on this one.

      • fidotron 3 hours ago ago

        It's the same patronizing nonsense as when all the US webcos pulled out of the Chinese market in some misguided supposed protest believing the Chinese so incapable of rolling their own Google, Amazon or WhatsApp they will come begging the americans to go back. Now the western tech universe goes to China for ideas.

        • lenerdenator 2 hours ago ago

          If by "pulled out of the Chinese market" you mean "were hacked by the Chinese government in a way that compromised their intellectual property and the safety of dissidents", then yes [0]

          [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Aurora

          • fidotron an hour ago ago

            The point is did the US reaction work or was it completely counter productive?

            Then will attempting to cutoff China again today work or do we expect that also will prove to achieve the exact opposite of what its proponents are claiming?

      • satvikpendem 3 hours ago ago

        Banned in the US, obviously, not worldwide. The problem is if the US wanted to, they actually could enforce such a ban nearly worldwide, by putting Chinese AI companies on a sanctions list and disallowing any US company (or anyone that does business with a US company, which is much of the world) from touching them.

    • Buttons840 2 hours ago ago

      What is a "Chinese model"?

      If I change one weight in Kimi, is it still a Chinese model?

      If I fine-tune Kimi on pro-America nationalistic freedom loving anti-Chinese propaganda, is it still a Chinese model?

      If I distill Kimi from one server to the next without ever directly transferring any weights, is it still a Chinese model?

      If Claude accidentally trains on some of Kimi's output, is Claude then considered to be a Chinese model?

      If China's next open-weight model is released secretly through a European company, is it still a Chinese model?

    • Freedumbs 3 hours ago ago

      Why anyone would care what Hegseth thinks about open weight models? What's wrong with Chinese models? The censorship? I think it's good to have diversity of opinion. Get US flavored output on sensitive subjects from US models and ZH on ZH models. That's a useful tool.

      • deepsquirrelnet 2 hours ago ago

        China is doing open models better. I think there's little going in Hagueseth's head other than the usual reactionary nationalism reflex.

      • satvikpendem 3 hours ago ago

        I mean I agree with you, as what I said above is not my position, that's the US government's position.

  • some_furry 4 hours ago ago

    I don't personally have a horse in this race, but if you want to accurately predict the next step:

    Start with the outcome you believe will be the most in line with the spirit and traditions of the open source community. This is precisely what won't happen.

    It won't necessarily be the inverse. It could be, of course, but it's also likely to be a compromise between the two.

    For a topical example: The companies doing "AI" layoffs aren't doing so out of a sense of having failed their staff that helped carry them so far. Often, these announcements come on the heels of record-breaking profits. They're doing it out of contempt for workers.

    See https://www.cnet.com/tech/services-and-software/cory-doctoro... for Doctorow's take on centaurs vs. reverse centaurs. Broadly speaking: C-suite business leadership wants reverse centaurs. Workers want centaurs. Unless you have a union (or some other collective bargaining power structure that I'm not aware of), the C-suite calls the shots.

    The same can be said of the current administration. They don't give a fuck what most of us want on any given issue. They're captured by an aggressive ideology. Their only incentive is to be able to spin their decision to make themselves look good; to posture as "strong" leadership.

    • forshaper 3 hours ago ago

      Ideology? I think this administration is the least captured by ideology in the last few decades. It's mostly brazen self-interest, for both entertainment & profit.

      • some_furry 2 hours ago ago

        It's a mix of grifts, gaffes, and Project 2025.

    • chasd00 2 hours ago ago

      > Start with the outcome you believe will be the most in line with the spirit and traditions of the open source community

      there's nothing open source about an open weight model. It's more like the binary blobs Linux fought so hard against. If you can't compile, or in this case train, from source then you're missing the "source" part of open source.

      • some_furry an hour ago ago

        To be clear: This isn't a technical discussion, it's a political one.

        While your point is valid on its own merits, it isn't relevant here.

  • ChrisArchitect 3 hours ago ago

    Some more discussion on NVIDIA crosspost: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=49035751

  • 7bit 4 hours ago ago

    [flagged]

    • dang 2 minutes ago ago

      Ok, but please don't fulminate or post unsubstantive comments here.

      https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html

    • bigbadfeline 36 minutes ago ago

      It's not worthless, you don't have to agree with P on everything, or make it personal - it works as strictly business - only where and when appropriate.