Building a replacement 386/486 CMOS battery

(rubenerd.com)

53 points | by Brajeshwar a day ago ago

32 comments

  • smitelli a day ago ago

    The only thing worse than these soldered-in batteries are those motherboards with the Dallas DS1287 RTC “brick” ICs. They had a coin cell buried inside the chip[1] with no way to provide external power should it drain.

    [1]: http://www.mcamafia.de/mcapage0/dsrework.htm

    • rzzzt a day ago ago

      Necroware has a replacement design for Dallas RTCs: https://github.com/necroware/nwX287

      • hyhconito 21 hours ago ago

        I don't know why there is a replacement design. You can still buy them new from Mouser. They last 20 odd years usually.

    • Bluecobra a day ago ago

      I'm not sure if it's worse, since AFAIK these don't leak. I have a IBM PS/2 system that I inherited that I plan to restore some day. Sure it's a pain but glad there was no damage to the board.

    • alnwlsn a day ago ago

      The only thing worse than that is when those things are soldered and not in a DIP socket. They still make them (or a compatible version) by the way, sealed battery and all.

    • TeamMCS a day ago ago

      Ah yes. I've had to repair one of the Dallas ICs before. You have to dig out a dremel and bite down till you get to the metal then add some hook up wire. Unlike OP I chose to use rechargable batteries that used to be used for home wireless phones - they are the right voltage and often they supply a battery charger.

      If you're lucky you can desolder the the old battery and use a couple of pin headers to get you back up and running. I do find it irritating some retro machines wont even boot without a working battery.

    • userbinator 20 hours ago ago

      There were lots of test equipment with variants of those, and unlike CMOS settings, they held critical calibration constants.

    • adrianmonk a day ago ago

      Yeah, those are a thing on old Sun workstations. They have a clock and they also store a small amount of data.

      https://www.sun3arc.org/FAQ/sun-nvram-hostid.faq.phtml

      I remember replacing one in the mid 1990s. The machine's ethernet address is stored on this chip, and I believe it's battery-backed RAM (not flash, EEPROM, etc.), so when the battery dies, the data on the chip is lost.

      When you install a new chip, you need to program in the ethernet address so the machine can get on the network. The proper thing to do is use the factory-assigned ethernet address to ensure that it is unique. But you can't get the address from the old chip. So, like many people, I just picked some random numbers. It worked.

    • blueflow a day ago ago

      Dedication and a cutter knife do it. I did it myself, twice.

      Once while it was soldered into a mainboard :P

    • rasz 12 hours ago ago

      >no way

      you drill/dremel in two spots, solder tow wires and you are done.

      https://www.classic-computers.org.nz/blog/2009-10-10-renovat...

      • geon 11 hours ago ago

        You can also heat them up, making the resin brittle so you can chip it away and replace the battery.

    • moffkalast a day ago ago

      Is this some attempt to get around "contains batteries" shipping restrictions, since if anyone looks inside it'll just be like any other chip and there's no way to tell unless you start googling part serials lmao.

      "No batteries here, officer! Move along."

  • buildsjets a day ago ago

    Lots of older Apple hardware used soldered-in 1/2AA lithium batteries. You can replace them with a removable battery holder that was used on some later board versions.

    https://www.mouser.com/ProductDetail/Keystone-Electronics/10...

    https://www.mouser.com/ProductDetail/Keystone-Electronics/10...

    • hyhconito 21 hours ago ago

      Just a note with those holders. They shouldn't be used in anything that will be shipped as the battery can get knocked out. The original shipped batteries were soldered in so they could be shipped safely. In fact a lot of the time the cells were taped or cable tied as well as soldered in on some bits of hardware!

      The newer CR2032's have much lower mass and can withstand many more G's before it's an issue so they are usually in holders.

      • buildsjets 20 hours ago ago

        That is why I added the second Mouser link for the retaining clip, which is frequently missing from old stock. It takes a screwdriver to unclip it, plenty secure for transportation.

        • hyhconito 4 hours ago ago

          Got it thanks. That link crashed Mouser the first time so I assumed it was a dead one :)

  • ruslan a day ago ago

    Why not use a 5F/5V supercapacitor, DGH505Q5R5 or anything alike ? You may need to solder a 10R current reducing resistor in series.

    • Denvercoder9 a day ago ago

      Not OP, but with supercapacitors you're talking about a wildly different amount of energy. A 5F/5V cap stores about 62 J, while a 2500mAh 1.2V AA battery stores 10 kJ. With three of them you can store almost 500x as much energy.

    • Kirby64 21 hours ago ago

      Super capacitors have very high self discharge rates relative to a lithium battery. For something like an RTC which only uses a tiny amount of power, you’d quickly discharge the cap and have no way to charge it again.

    • londons_explore a day ago ago

      What advantage does a supercap have over batteries?

  • johnklos 20 hours ago ago

    It's good to see this getting some attention. People should know that removing batteries and replacing them with something modern, particularly non-leaking modern, is a good thing.

    Most motherboards work with 3 to 4.5 volts. If a circuit doesn't charge, then it's a simple matter of using two or three AA or AAA batteries. If it does, we can use rechargeable batteries (I've a box of Ikea ones), or we can put a diode in line.

    For instance, here's a replacement set for a Quadra 630 motherboard:

    https://www.klos.com/~john/q630_batteries.png

    • roytam87 16 hours ago ago

      AA or AAA batteries will leak.

      • devilbunny 16 hours ago ago

        If you have enough case space, that's not really a big issue. I work in a surgery suite; we have single-use (for sterility) items that use 8 AA's that will be discarded after five minutes' use. I effectively have all the free AA batteries I could ever use. Seriously, I could get easily get 40-50 a week if I needed them.

  • gamedna a day ago ago

    Love this, but iirc this was very common back in the day. Many of the XT, AT, 286, 386, 486 clones came with these types of triple AA battery packs, some with shrink wrap around them. It was easy to cut the shrink wrap and replace the cells with generic AA.

    • accrual a day ago ago

      That's my recollection as well. RTC batteries from this era often came in four possible flavors:

      * Varta barrel battery, subject to leaking and corroding traces

      * AA/AAA style brick + leads to motherboard, easy to replace

      * Dallas DS1287 epoxied battery + chip - can be replaced, cut into to tap directly into the chip, or replaced with Necroware's nwX287 RTC module [0]

      * Lastly, the standard CR2023 style. I started seeing these appear in later 486 Socket 3 boards, very rarely on anything earlier

      [0] https://github.com/necroware/nwX287

  • tecleandor 18 hours ago ago

    About the ML2032 option: that's the one that came with Dreamcast consoles. Lots of people swap it for an 2032 plus the diode when it fails, but I rather use another ML2032 or a different rechargeable thing to avoid opening the case again and again.

  • incanus77 a day ago ago

    I took this same approach when I repaired a 386 damaged by a Varta battery. After fixing some motherboard traces, I installed a Velcro’s 3xAAA battery holder in my case for the same effect.

    https://justinmiller.io/posts/2020/06/17/project-386-part-4/

  • jmclnx a day ago ago

    I actually did the same thing for my old 286 ages ago, worked great for many years. Sadly I moved to a smaller place and was stupid enough to toss it out :(

    Too bad they went to soldered batteries, decades ago people realy knew how to design systems in the old days. Now, not so much.

  • Suppafly a day ago ago

    This is cool, but I'm pretty sure you get these off the shelf. I've scavenged them from old computers and I doubt people were building them themselves.

  • dhuk_2018 a day ago ago

    Why not use lithium AA? Duracell aklaleaks are the worse, in my experience. At least if the alkalines do leak, they're in a carrier away from the MB.

    • orev a day ago ago

      They’re using rechargeable NiMh, not alkalines. I would have used the older Eneloops or current Fujitsus, but maybe rechargeable Duracells have better quality than their alkalines.

      • winrid a day ago ago

        The NiMH Duracells are very high quality (at least according to Project Farm).